Thoery+of+Evolution


 * EVOLUTION -** the process of change over time is called evolution.


 * Darwin developed a scientific theory of biological evolution that explains how modern organisms evolved over long periods of time through descent from common ancestors.** Geologist were suggesting that Earth was ancient and had changed over time. Biologists were suggesting that life on Earth had also changed. Darwin's work offers vital insights into today's world by showing how the living world is constantly changing.

Observations aboard the Beagle
Darwin's trip to the Brazilian forest he collected 68 different species of beetles. He studied them and filled his notebooks with observations about the characteristics and habitats of the different species he saw. As he traveled, Darwin noticed three distinctive patterns of biological diversity: 1) Species vary globally 2) Species vary locally 3) Species vary over time

Darwin visited a wide range of habitats on the continents of South America, Australia, and Africa and recorded his observations. Darwin found flightless birds called rheas living in the grasslands of South America. He noticed that rheas acted like ostriches but they lived in Africa, Darwin visited Australia's grassland and found another flightless bird the emu. **Darwin noticed that different, yet ecologically similar, animal species inhabited separated, but ecologically similar, habitats around the globe.**
 * Species Vary Globally**

Darwin also found too species of rheas living in South America. One lived in Argentina's grassland and the other in the colder south. Darwin noticed that even though they were the same species, they occupied different habitats within a local area. Darwin then starting noticing there were differences in tortoise shell.Someone who knew the animals could tell where the individual tortoise came from by looking at the shell.
 * Species Vary Locally**

In addition to collecting speimens of living species, Darwin also collected fossils. Darwin noticed that some fossils of extinct animals were similar to living species. Darwins made observations that somehow animals todays were related to animals in the past. For example an armidiallo looked like it was a smaller version of a glyptodont.
 * Secies Vary Over Time**


 * Darwin's Conclusion**

There are many patterns that exist when examining life

- Biogeography Study of things where they look the same, have same type of environment, but are different. - Anatomy Darwin was influenced by a few people: So what did Darwin conclude?
 * Homologus Structure (same thing that are built the same way)
 * Analogous Structure ( Same thing that are built differently)
 * Vestigial Structure (Things that were once useful long time ago, but are no longer needed)
 * Embryology ( Study how you develop; patterns with everything that develops)
 * Fossils
 * Geology
 * Hutton
 * Lyell (uniformitarranism)
 * Malthus ( Too many babies and something will kill off all offspring)
 * Lamarck (Individual can adapt)
 * There are patterns in species
 * seems to be similar types of enviroments, similar types of organisms
 * more offspring are made than the enviroments can handle
 * some get to reproduce, others don't